Electron and lattice dynamics in solids ...Thomas Elsaesser
Conférence de Thomas Elsaesser
Numerous functional processes in condensed matter involve atomic motions and charge relocations on ultrashort time scales. X-ray diffraction methods with a femtosecond time resolution allow for spatially resolving transient structures and charge distributions in a most direct way, providing new insight into the structure-function relationship of crystalline materials. This talk combines an introduction into this research field and its methods with a discussion of recent results on structural dynamics of ionic crystals. Optical pump/ x-ray probe experiments with laser-driven hard x-ray sources reveal the interplay of lattice and charge motions in the photoexcited prototype material KDP (KH2PO4). Elongation of the soft mode, a lowfrequency lattice vibration, induces an electron relocation over the length of a PO bond which is 100 times larger than the underlying vibrational amplitude. This behavior is caused by the strong electric forces the oscillating ions exert on the highly polarizable valence electrons of the phosphate groups. As a second example, the field-driven transfer of valence electrons between ions in a superposition of quantum states of LiBH4 will be addressed.
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Thomas Elsaesser
Cursus :
Thomas Elsaesser est Professeur de physique expérimentale à l'Université Humboldt de Berlin et à l'Institut Max Born.
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